AP Environmental Science

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    Solar labs

    Lab one:

    PPA (purchase power agreement) array

    1. go to elab2.hpa.edu and determine the power delivered by the array on the 4 dates: summer solstice, winter solstice, vernal equinox, autumnal equinox.

    1. find the solar radiation peak for each of these days, and for several days around that date for an accurate non-cloudy solar radiation number, which should be in Watts per square meter.
    2. go out and measure one panel in the array, then count all of the panels. calculate the total area in m2 for the array
    3. calculate the efficiency of the array in the 4 dates chosen
    4. what do you observe?
    5. if HELCO would charge us $0.40 per kWh how much would this much energy cost HPA?
    6. our arrangement with the PPA folks is that we pay half of the HELCO price. How much did we save each day, each month, and each year?
    calculation notes:
    a. the solar radiation should be around 800 W/m2 in the winter and 1500 W/m2 in the summer. This will vary on cloudy days
    b. the efficiency of the panels should be around 12%




    Lab two: solar thermal

    1. using the hot water panel downstairs and the infrared camera, calculate the input and output temperature for the solar panel in degrees C and F.
    2. using the met sensors on elab2.hpa.edu, determine the solar radiation now, here at the elab
    3. calculate the area for the panel
    4. using a beaker, time how long it takes to fill the beaker, along with the in and out temperatures.
    5. it takes 1000 cal to heat 1000 ml of water by one degree C. Calculate how many calories you gathered in the beaker.
    6. Divide to get calories per second.
    7. multiply by 4.18 to get joules per second
    8. how many Watts did the solar panel collect?
    9. compare this with the solar radiation falling on the panel. How efficient is the panel?
    calculation notes:
    a. make sure you convert the panel temps into °C first
    b. you may see some variation in the volume of the container, usually around 1000 ml
    c. you can use the computer calculator to convert some units


    Lab three: PV panel power

    1. measure the current (amperes) and voltage of the PV panel as it charges one of the golf cart batteries
    2. multiply V times current to get Watts
    3. measure the size of the panel in m2
    4. use the solar radiation data from the elab2.hpa.edu server to determine panel efficiency
    5. how does this compare with the rated power on the back of the panel?
    6. what happens to the voltage and current when you tilt the panel?
    Notes:
    a. the panel should read 100 Watts output, but will probably be lower. Think of reasons this might be.
    b. efficiency will be around 12% on this as well



    Lab four: Dorm hot water

    1. on elab2.hpa.edu you will see data on Anna’s washroom.
    2. look at the amount numbers, when are folks taking showers or doing laundry?
    3. two temperature numbers are available: cold water up, and hot water down. These are only accurate when there is water flow (see #2 above). Find the coolest cold water up temp and the hottest hot water down temp. Multiply this by the change in gallons per day from 2 and 3 above. 1 gallon is about 4 liters. Using these data, calculate the number of calories and joules collected each day.
    4. use your computer calculator to convert joules into kWh.
    5. If we were paying for this hot water with electricity, how much would we be saving each day? Each month? Each year?
    6. since we use propane instead, calculate the amount saved in propane (you’ll have to look up how many kWh you can get for $ of propane)
    notes:
    a. make sure you use the degrees in °C first. If you have already done this, the factor between the two is 1.8 F for every C

    Comments

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You should be able to do the following after logging in with your account: To create a new page, click the ...Falseadmin2020-08-19T15:43:59+00:00adminadmin2013-02-05 02:24:03+00:002013-02-05 02:24:03updated4Added tag - hotadminadmin2013-02-05 02:24:02+00:002013-02-05 02:24:02addTag3adminadmin2013-02-05 02:05:35+00:002013-02-05 02:05:35updated2First createdadminadmin2013-02-05 02:03:35+00:002013-02-05 02:03:35created1wiki2013-02-05T02:24:03+00:00groups/apenvironmentalscience/wiki/394a8FalseEnergy notes/groups/apenvironmentalscience/wiki/394a8/Energy_notes.htmladmin4 updatesEnergy notes Week of 2.4.13: energy wrap-up e2 video: coal vs. nuclear in class AP exams: FRQ 2002.1 2004.2 2006.1 2007.2 2008.1 ...Falseadmin2013-02-05T02:24:03+00:00adminadmin2013-02-05 02:23:20+00:002013-02-05 02:23:20updated6Added tag - hotadminadmin2013-02-05 02:23:18+00:002013-02-05 02:23:18addTag5adminadmin2013-02-05 02:23:12+00:002013-02-05 02:23:12updated4adminadmin2013-02-05 02:21:48+00:002013-02-05 02:21:48updated3adminadmin2013-02-05 02:20:26+00:002013-02-05 02:20:26updated2First createdadminadmin2013-02-05 02:06:00+00:002013-02-05 02:06:00created1wiki2013-02-05T02:23:20+00:00groups/apenvironmentalscience/wiki/c360bFalseFeb-May plan/groups/apenvironmentalscience/wiki/c360b/FebMay_plan.htmladmin6 updatesFeb-May plan 1. conclusion of energy chapters (see previous wiki) 2. GCC AP questions FRQ: 2006.2 2005.3 2005.4 2007.3 ...Falseadmin2013-02-05T02:23:20+00:00adminadmin2012-03-07 05:53:55+00:002012-03-07 05:53:55updated14adminadmin2012-03-07 05:43:38+00:002012-03-07 05:43:38updated13adminadmin2012-03-07 05:41:35+00:002012-03-07 05:41:35updated12adminadmin2012-03-07 05:38:57+00:002012-03-07 05:38:57updated11Added tag - hotadminadmin2012-03-07 05:38:55+00:002012-03-07 05:38:55addTag10adminadmin2012-03-07 05:36:47+00:002012-03-07 05:36:47updated9adminadmin2012-03-07 05:22:26+00:002012-03-07 05:22:26updated8adminadmin2012-03-07 05:20:01+00:002012-03-07 05:20:01updated7adminadmin2012-03-07 05:18:58+00:002012-03-07 05:18:58updated6adminadmin2012-03-07 04:58:55+00:002012-03-07 04:58:55updated5adminadmin2012-03-07 04:57:33+00:002012-03-07 04:57:33updated4adminadmin2012-03-07 04:56:53+00:002012-03-07 04:56:53updated3adminadmin2012-03-07 04:54:20+00:002012-03-07 04:54:20updated2First createdadminadmin2012-03-07 04:53:33+00:002012-03-07 04:53:33created1weblog2012-03-07T05:53:55+00:00groups/apenvironmentalscience/weblog/de030FalseGreen Apple/groups/apenvironmentalscience/weblog/de030/Green_Apple.htmladmin14 updatesGreen Apple Team, Please watch this video about NYC: Trailer: http://www.pbs.org/e2/episodes/101_the_green_apple_trailer.html On the server: http://physics.hpa...Falseadmin2012-03-07T05:53:55+00:00adminadmin2011-09-13 19:08:24+00:002011-09-13 19:08:24updated4Added tag - hotadminadmin2011-09-13 19:08:22+00:002011-09-13 19:08:22addTag3adminadmin2011-09-13 19:08:10+00:002011-09-13 19:08:10updated2First createdadminadmin2011-09-13 19:04:30+00:002011-09-13 19:04:30created1weblog2011-09-13T19:08:24+00:00groups/apenvironmentalscience/weblog/4ecddFalseQuestions for Wednesday, wiki adds/groups/apenvironmentalscience/weblog/4ecdd/Questions_for_Wednesday_wiki_adds.htmladmin4 updatesQuestions for Wednesday, wiki adds Team, I'd like to try something for class tomorrow: each of you to create a question from chapter 3, and email it to me by this evening (Tuesday). 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