9.26.11 notes apes.txt.seetext

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≤Notes on chapter 4:
note the doubling times on table 4.1: why is the doubling time in 2050 so high?
Because the Earth is reaching its carrying capacity.
compare this with the figure 4.3
Malthus vs. Marx vs. Cohen vs. Pimental
Locke: man is good /Voltaire - Marx
Hobbes: man is evil
prince- machavelli (man must be controled)
IPAT good and bad
Technology includes medical advancement.
ecological footprint (exercise from Withgott)
Is a useful tool but does have flaws like any other model (does not model improvements in technology).
p. 80: imagine your life at your age in other countries...
In China: Factory worker (if east) or farmer (if west).
Russia: alcoholism
Fertility rate is low. Alcoholics don't have babies. (probably a good thing) Babies that are born have fetal alcohol syndrome.
appx 2, p377: river valleys: which will be dry when the Himalayan ice pack is gone?
fecundity: ability to reproduce
fertility: production of offspring
crude birth rate: births per 1000 people
total fertility rate (TFR): total kids per woman in her lifetime (25-30!)
ZPG: 5+ where infant mortality is high, 2.1 is normal
china: 6 -> 1.8 (below replacement level)
140/100 male to female ratio: why? Males = make money for family (farm hand) / dowry needed for daughters (infanticide). Many can 't afford dowry so male children are better (+ can work)
global tfr is 2.6
crude death rate: deaths per 1000
why a life span? mitochondrial DNA... Plants can regenerate it!!!as mitochondrial DNA replic ate s there are compounding errors. (Peak is 18)
1900 indian man had life expectancy of 23!
reasons: nutrition CLEAN WATER, sanitation, education
75 men, 85 women (testosterone, war, "watch this!")<- someone explain "watch this"
dependency ratio; baby boomers fig 4.10
demographic transitions: see fig 4.13 Death rate and birth rate is high (1), death rate drops w/ industrial increase (better health care) (2), then birth rate drops with industrial maturation (education) (3), then growth levels off (4).
Kerala vs. Andra Pradesh
"unmet need"